Conflict-free replicated data type ​

Liveblocks is a neat application of CRDTs. Automerge, Yjs (with Hocuspocus) & CROWDs are great libraries. CRDT wiki is great.

Gentle Introduction to CRDTs & Building a BFT JSON CRDT are nice reads.

Diamond Types seem like a nice Rust CRDT implementation.

CRStore is nice CRDT plugin for Svelte. Would love to build same one for Solid.

libSQL Discord has insight crdt room with discussions.

Notes ​

• Distributed state is so fundamentally complex that I think we actually need CRDTs (or something like them) to reason about it effectively. And certainly to build reliable systems. The abstraction of a single, global, logical truth is so nice and tidy and appealing, but it becomes so leaky that I think all successful systems for distributed state will abandon it beyond a certain scale.

Links ​

• James Long - CRDTs for Mortals (2019)
• Applied Monotonicity: A Brief History of CRDTs in Riak (2019)
• Why CRDT didn't work out as well for collaborative editing xi-editor (HN)
• How Figma’s multiplayer technology works (2019)
• HN thread on CRDT (2019)
• An API for data that changes over time (2019)
• Statecraft - Protocol and set of tools for interacting with data that changes over time.
• Full implementation of CRDTs using hybrid logical apps and a demo app that uses it
• Swarm.js - JavaScript replicated model (M of MVC) library.
• To OT or CRDT, that is the question (2020) (HN)
• CRDTs wiki (Code) (HN)
• Awesome CRDT
• Local-first packages & explorations
• Automerge JS - JSON-like data structure (a CRDT) that can be modified concurrently by different users, and merged again automatically. (Tweet) (HN) (Docs) (HN) (2.0) (HN)
• Automergeable
• Automerge in Rust
• Automerge persistent
• Peter Bourgon on CRDTs and State at the Edge (2020)
• Moving Elements in List CRDTs
• Chronofold: a data structure for versioned text (2020)
• roshi - Large-scale CRDT set implementation for timestamped events.
• CRDT benchmarks - Collection of reproducible benchmarks.
• pony-crdt - Delta-State Convergent Replicated Data Types (ẟ-CRDTs) for the Pony language.
• Jylis - Distributed in-memory database for Conflict-free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs), built for speed, scalability, availability, and ease of use.
• An introduction to Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types (2020) (HN)
• CRDTs: The Hard Parts (2020) (Abstract & References) (HN)
• CRDTs in a Nutshell (2020) (Lobsters)
• A First Replicating Type (2020)
• Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) in Swift (2020)
• Local-first software: You Own Your Data, in spite of the Cloud (2019) (HN)
• Are CRDTs suitable for shared editing? (2020)
• Room Service - Faster-Than-Light Multiplayer Engine. (Docs)
• I was wrong. CRDTs are the future (2020) (HN) (Lobsters) (Reddit) (HN)
• A Pragmatic Approach to Live Collaboration (2020)
• Local First (2020)
• A Bluffers Guide to CRDTs in Riak
• bft-crdts - Byzantine Fault Tolerant CRDT's and other Eventually Consistent Algorithms. In Rust.
• Large-Scale Geo-Replicated Conflict-free Replicated Data Types
• CRDT notes
• syncpad - CRDT-based collaborative source code editor (featuring the Monaco editor).
• Verifying Strong Eventual Consistency in δ-CRDTs
• Reactive CRDT - Easy-to-use library for building collaborative applications that sync automatically.
• Conflict-free Reinterpretable Ordered Washed Data (CROWD) - Like CRDT but better. (Demo)
• crdt-tree - Implementation of a tree Conflict-Free Replicated Data Type in TS.
• CRDT Tutorial for Beginners
• CRDT optimizations (2021)
• Pure operation-based CRDTs (2021)
• Operation-based CRDTs: JSON document (2021)
• Text CRDT Prototype - Prototype of a simple high performance CRDT for text. Its loosely based off automerge.
• Faster CRDTs: An Adventure in Optimization (2021) (HN)
• Chronofold - Conflict-free replicated data structure (a.k.a. CRDT) for versioned text.
• What to use to build collaborative web application today (2021)
• HN: CRDT resources (2021)
• How do CRDTs solve distributed data consistency challenges? (2021) (HN)
• LWW-element-graphs study (Comment)
• go-ds-crdt - Distributed go-datastore implementation using Merkle-CRDTs.
• ldb - Replication of CRDTs in Erlang.
• CRDTs meet Redux
• Peritext - CRDT for asynchronous rich-text collaboration, where authors can work independently and then merge their changes. (Article)
• Automerge: a new foundation for collaboration software (2021) (Tweet) (HN)
• SyncedStore CRDT - Easy-to-use library for building live, collaborative applications that sync automatically. (Docs) (HN)
• valtio-yjs - Proxy state library for ReactJS and VanillaJS. yjs is an implementation of CRDT algorithm (which allows to merge client data without server coordination).
• Naisho - Architecture for end-to-end encrypted CRDTs.
• The limits of conflict-free replicated data types (2021)
• delta-crdts - Delta State-based CRDTs in JavaScript.
• Y-Py - Python binding for Y-CRDT.
• CRDT: Conflict-free Replicated Data Types (2018)
• Making CRDTs Byzantine Fault Tolerant (HN)
• A highly-available move operation for replicated trees (HN)
• Testing CRDTs in Rust, From Theory to Practice (2022) (Lobsters)
• CRDTs - Library of Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for JavaScript.
• CRDT Swift - Convergent and Commutative Replicated Data Types implementation in Swift.
• Python CRDT - Python library for CRDTs (Conflict-free Replicated Data types).
• Designing Data Structures for Collaborative Apps (2022)
• Programming Local-first Software (2022)
• checked-automerge - Attempt at model checking Automerge.
• Vaxine - Rich-CRDT database platform for backend applications. (Web)
• Yboard - Multiplayer desktop-like workspace based on CRDT. (HN)
• Automerge Chat Demo
• Meangirls - Convergent Replicated Data Types in Ruby.
• Peritext: A CRDT for Collaborative Rich Text Editing (2022) (Tweet)
• Yorkie - Open source document store for building collaborative editing applications. Yorkie uses JSON-like documents(CRDT) with optional types. (Web)
• How to build a todo list app using state-based CRDTs
• Evolu - React Hooks library for local-first software with end-to-end encrypted backup and sync using SQLite and CRDT. (Twitter)
• Katara - Synthesize CRDTs from classic data types with verified lifting.
• Otto Test - Unified approach to CRDTs and OT.
• Crsql - Multi-writer and CRDT support for SQLite. (HN)
• Fundamentals of CRDTs
• Byzantine Fault Tolerant CRDTs in Rust - JSON-like Byzantine Fault Tolerant CRDT in Rust.
• Building a BFT JSON CRDT (2022) (HN) (Tweet)
• CRDT: Fractional Indexing (2022) (HN)
• Data Laced with History: Causal Trees & Operational CRDTs (2018) (Code)
• CRDTs make multiplayer text editing part of Zed's DNA (2022) (HN)
• You might not need a CRDT (2022) (HN)
• pg_crdt - an experimental CRDT extension for Postgres (2022) (HN) (Code)
• CRAttributes - CRDT on CloudKit.
• Keep CALM and CRDT on (HN) (Lobsters)
• Hocuspocus - Y.js WebSocket backend.
• y-supabase - Supabase Provider for Yjs.
• Gentle Introduction to CRDTs (HN)
• CRDT work (2023)
• Automerge Repo - Wrapper for the Automerge CRDT library which provides facilities to support working with many documents at once, as well as pluggable networking and storage.
• y-sync - Yjs/Yrs sync protocol implementation.
• Collabs - Collections library for collaborative data structures.
• Plain Tree: A Basic List CRDT (2022) (Code)
• replicatingtypes - Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) in Swift.
• CRDT Papers (HN)
• CRDT-richtext: Rust implementation of Peritext and Fugue (2023) (HN)
• JSON-joy CRDT benchmarks, 100x speed improvement over state-of-the-art (2023)
• You may not need a CRDT (2023)
• crdt-richtext - Rich text CRDT that implements Peritext and Fugue.
• y-sweet - Open-source stack for building real time applications on top of the Yjs CRDT library.
• pairpad - Collaborative text editor using CRDTs and WebSockets. Lightweight, easy-to-setup.
• y-octo - CRDT implementation which is compatible with yjs.
• Cola - Text CRDT for real-time collaborative editing. (HN)