Networking ​

Internet explained from first principles, Networking tutorial, Everything I know about networking & broad intro are great intros.

Computer Networks: A Systems Approach is great for in depth study. Protohackers has nice coding challenges.

Trippy or Sniffnet are great ways to glance into your network traffic.

Notes ​

• 127.0.0.1 is localhost.
• Can go to Network tab to see details about requests and why they failed if they did fail. Can view headers etc
• Web browsers will try to connect over port 80 by default.
• Best way to poll REST API? Timer seems fine. If the data is really changing frequently a WebSocket seems more appropriate. If it’s changing infrequently but you wanna know right away, a silent push notification is the “right” way but that requires some infrastructure

Links ​

• Stanford CS 144: Introduction to Computer Networking (HN)
• 15-441/641 Computer Networks course (2019) (Lectures)
• Clash - Rule based tunnel in Go.
• WebTTY - Share a terminal session over WebRTC.
• libuv - Cross-platform asynchronous I/O.
• Python implementation of the IPv8 layer
• Mitmproxy - Free and open source interactive HTTPS proxy. (Code) (HN)
• Mitmproxy 7.0 (2021) (HN)
• Mitmproxy 8 (2022) (HN)
• CFSSL - CloudFlare's PKI/TLS swiss army knife.
• Every Linux networking tool I know
• inlets - Expose your local endpoints to the Internet. (HN) HN 2
• Recommended books on Computer Networks? (2019)
• SwiftNIO - Cross-platform asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients.
• Wirefilter - Execution engine for Wireshark-like filters.
• Mr.2 - Expose local server to external network.
• High Performance Browser Networking book (2013) (HN) (HN)
• stun - Simple layer-3 network tunnel written in C++.
• devcert - Local HTTPS development made easy.
• Open Screen Protocol - Suite of network protocols that allow user agents to implement the Presentation API and the Remote Playback API in an interoperable fashion.
• The world in which IPv6 was a good design (2017) (HN) (HN)
• A free Argo Tunnel for your next project (2019)
• HoneyBadger - Quantum Insert detector/recorder.
• SFTPGo - Full featured and highly configurable SFTP server software.
• ZeroTier - Smart Ethernet Switch for Earth. (Terraform provider)
• ssl-proxy - Simple single-command SSL reverse proxy with autogenerated certificates (LetsEncrypt, self-signed).
• Netdata - Distributed, real-time, performance and health monitoring for systems and applications. (HN)
• OpenDrop - Open Source AirDrop Implementation.
• Apache Traffic Server
• Mainframer - Tool that executes a command on a remote machine while syncing files back and forth.
• Magma - Platform for building access networks and modular network services.
• Awesome Networking
• docker-nginx-http3 - Alpine Linux image with Nginx with HTTP/3 (QUIC), TLSv1.3, 0-RTT, brotli support.
• SCION Internet Architecture
• Everything curl - the book (Code)
• Seastar - High performance server-side application framework. (Web) (Article) (Awesome)
• ServiceTalk - Networking framework that evolves with your application.
• Beginner Network Pentesting course notes
• Scale By The Bay 2019: Norman Maurer, Netty 5: Lessons Learned
• Neebula - Scalable overlay networking tool with a focus on performance, simplicity and security. It lets you seamlessly connect computers anywhere in the world.
• gost - Simple tunnel written in golang.
• Braid - Effort to incorporate new distributed technologies into the existing World-Wide Web.
• Implementation of CoAP in go
• inlets - Expose your local endpoints to the Internet.
• inletsctl - Fast HTTP (L7) and TCP (L4) tunnels written in Go.
• Awesome Computer Networking Resources
• Zwitterion - Web dev server that lets you import anything.
• warmy - Hot-reloading loadable and reloadable resources.
• OpenLiteSpeed Web Server - High-performance, lightweight, open source HTTP server.
• Inter-Networking (2019)
• Network Programming Initiative - Supports research on languages, algorithms, and tools for network programming.
• Lobsters: Optimizing home network performance (2020)
• fbtracert - Identify the network components that drops packets by employing the traceroute logic which explores multiple parallel paths.
• Bandwidth Performance Monitoring with Iperf
• ToDD - Distributed Network-Service-Level Assertion Engine.
• myLG - Network Diagnostic Tool.
• Zeek - Powerful network analysis framework that is much different from the typical IDS you may know.
• Fuzzowski - Network Protocol Fuzzer that we will want to use.
• naabu - Port scanning tool written in Go that allows you to enumerate valid ports for hosts in a fast and reliable manner.
• sniffglue - Secure multithreaded packet sniffer.
• IPinfo - Trusted Source for IP Address Data.
• Host.io - Comprehensive Domain Data API for Developers.
• Remembering the LAN (2020)
• sylkie - IPv6 address spoofing with the Neighbor Discovery Protocol.
• FRITZBox - Intelligent Wi-Fi for maximum wireless speed and significantly greater range.
• Home network recommendations? (2020)
• nmap - Network Mapper.
• How Tailscale works (2020) (HN)
• Beej's Guide to Network Programming: Using Internet Sockets (HN) (Code) (HN)
• Unix Network Programming
• Wireshark - World’s foremost and widely-used network protocol analyzer.
• What resources would you recommend to learn socket programming? (2020)
• Lobsters: Good resources to learn about computer networking (2020)
• Introducing KCP: a new low-latency, secure network stack (2020)
• Layer 2 network neighbourhood discovery tool
• Nmap Network Scanning docs
• Reverse Tunneling Dialer - HTTP in TCP in Websockets in HTTP in TCP, Tunnel all the things.
• Lobsters: How do you name your hosts? (2020)
• libnekit - Efficient and Flexible Network Utility Library.
• R2 - Network packet forwarding engine in Rust.
• packetdrill - Enables quick, precise tests for entire TCP/UDP/IPv4/IPv6 network stacks, from the system call layer down to the NIC hardware.
• TCP/IP Tutorial (1991) (HN)
• Is BGP safe yet? No. (HN)
• Achieveing reliable UDP transmission at 10 Gb/s using BSD socket for data acquisition systems (2017) (HN)
• Networking tutorial (2015)
• wormhole - Expose your local web server to the internet with a public URL.
• pyshark - Python wrapper for tshark, allowing python packet parsing using wireshark dissectors.
• Guardian Web Application Firewall
• Network Programming Self-Study (2020)
• Basic LDAP functionality for Go
• Don't trust default timeouts (2020) (Lobsters)
• Fastly Varnish - Explaining how the Fastly CDN works.
• IkaGo - Proxy which helps bypassing UDP blocking, UDP QoS and NAT firewall written in Go.
• TURN Server - VoIP media traffic NAT traversal server and gateway. It can be used as a general-purpose network traffic TURN server and gateway, too.
• gortcd - Fast TURN and STUN server: cross-platform, hot reload, flexible config.
• router7 - Pure-Go implementation of a small home internet router.
• socketmaster - Zero-configuration reverse proxy. (Code)
• free5GC - Open source 5G core network base on 3GPP R15. (HN)
• How to receive a million packets per second (2015)
• 5G and Shannon’s Law (2020) (HN)
• Erbium - Networking services for small/home networks.
• History of the Finger Protocol (2020) (Lobsters)
• Old box, dumb code, few thousand connections, no big deal (2020) (Lobsters) (HN)
• Fast Subnet Matching (2020)
• spoof - Easily spoof your MAC address in macOS, Windows, & Linux.
• Circumlunar Space - Confederation of independently administered but tightly interconnected public access unix servers, with a special emphasis on gopher hosting.
• Can we talk about client-side certificates? (2020) (Lobsters)
• How CDNs Generate Certificates (2020)
• Tunnel to dev - Expose your local web server to the internet with a public URL.
• CS Visualized: CORS (2020)
• IPv4, IPv6, and a sudden change in attitude (2020) (HN)
• Cloudflare Network Interconnect (2020) (HN)
• Adding a fiber link to my home network (2020) (HN)
• "Cloud-like" Infrastructure at Home - Part 1: LoadBalancers on the Metal (2020)
• Ask HN: How Belarus can keep connected despite internet blackout? (2020)
• How NAT traversal works (2020) (Lobsters) (HN) (HN)
• Peer-to-Peer Communication Across Network Address Translators
• 25 Best CDN Providers
• How do Routers Work, Really? (2020) (HN)
• Building a better home network (2020) (Lobsters)
• socat (2018) - Socat stands for SOcket CAT. It is a utility for data transfer between two addresses.
• PJON (Padded Jittering Operative Network) - Arduino-compatible, multi-master, multi-media network protocol.
• Fast Software Cache Design for Network Appliances (2020)
• Creating a Home IPv6 Network (2020)
• Building the Next Evolution of Cloud Networks at Slack (2020)
• Gubernator - Distributed, high performance, cloud native and stateless rate limiting service.
• MTProxy - Simple MT-Proto proxy.
• Multicast and the markets with Brian Nigito (2020)
• NetworKit - Open-source tool suite for high-performance network analysis. Its aim is to provide tools for the analysis of large networks in the size range from thousands to billions of edges. (Web)
• Understanding operational 5G: a first measurement study (2020) (HN)
• slurm - Yet another network load monitor.
• evilscan - Nodejs Simple Network Scanner.
• Ixy languages - High-speed network driver written in C, Rust, C++, Go, C#, Java, OCaml, Haskell, Swift, JavaScript, and Python.
• Redwood - Web content filter that runs as an HTTP proxy.
• Anachro: Network Protocol, and a PC architecture for a microcontroller-based system
• Cloudflare One (2020) (HN)
• I Setup My Own Personal CDN using Cloudflare and S3 (2020)
• Mininet - Emulator for rapid prototyping of Software Defined Networks. (Web)
• Project V - Set of network tools that help you to build your own computer network. Secures your network connections and thus protects your privacy.
• BPF, XDP, Packet Filters and UDP (2020) (Tweet)
• Hermes - Minimalist, easy to deploy, dependency free file server written in go.
• CDN Geolocation - Geolocation API via HTTP headers from a CDN, currently supporting AWS Cloudfront, Cloudflare, Fastly and Google AppEngine.
• remotemoe - Software daemon for exposing ad-hoc services to the internet without having to deal with the regular network stuff such as configuring VPNs, changing firewalls, or adding port forwards.
• MOSN - Cloud native proxy for edge or service mesh written in Go. (GitHub) (Web)
• File Descriptor Transfer over Unix Domain Sockets (2020)
• curl - Command line tool and library for transferring data with URLs. (Code)
• IPv6 Is a Nightmare (2020) (HN) (Lobsters)
• Etherify - Transmit Radio Signals via Ethernet. (HN)
• NetworkMananger-l2tp - L2TP and L2TP/IPsec support for NetworkManager.
• GNUnet - Network protocol stack for building secure, distributed, and privacy-preserving applications. (Code)
• Secure Reliable Transport (SRT) Protocol - Open source transport technology that optimizes streaming performance across unpredictable networks, such as the Internet.
• Awesome Optimal Transport
• Build VNF - Collection of utilities to build fast and green virtualized network functions.
• Argo Tunnel client - Tunneling daemon that proxies any local webserver through the Cloudflare network. (Docs)
• Many services, one cloudflared (2020)
• Transport Protocols: TCP and UDP
• PcapPlusPlus - Multiplatform C++ library for capturing, parsing and crafting of network packets.
• LibreSpeed - Free and Open Source Speedtest. (LibreSpeed CLI)
• CppServer - Ultra fast and low latency asynchronous socket server & client C++ library with support TCP, SSL, UDP, HTTP, HTTPS, WebSocket protocols and 10K connections problem solution.
• TinyCheck - Allows you to easily capture network communications from a smartphone or any device which can be associated to a Wi-Fi access point in order to quickly analyze them.
• uSockets - Miniscule cross-platform eventing, networking & crypto for async applications.
• Nanomsg - Socket library that provides several common communication patterns. It aims to make the networking layer fast, scalable, and easy to use. (GitHub)
• Proxify - Swiss Army knife Proxy tool for HTTP/HTTPS traffic capture, manipulation, and replay on the go.
• Messaging Layer Security (MLS) Protocol (Code)
• Messaging Layer Security (MLS) Architecture
• rosen: censorship-resistant proxy tunnel (2020) (Lobsters)
• Awesome PCAP Tools
• Networking Tools Every Developer Needs to Know (2020)
• Babel - Loop-avoiding distance-vector routing protocol for IPv6 and IPv4 with fast convergence properties. (Code)
• Network UPS Tools - Collection of programs which provide a common interface for monitoring and administering UPS, PDU and SCD hardware. (Web)
• ESP-Hosted solution - Provides a way to use ESP32 or ESP32-S2 (termed as ESP peripheral) as a communication processor for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth/BLE connectivity.
• Fun with IP address parsing (2020) (HN) (Lobsters)
• Syntropy Stack - The Future of Programmable Networking.
• The Atlas for the Aspiring Network Scientist (2021) (HN)
• Awesome Tunneling - Ngrok alternatives and other ngrok-like tunneling software and services. (HN)
• Server-sent events: a simple way to stream events from a server (2021)
• Mesh Network Lab - Emulate mobile ad-hoc mesh networks of hundreds of nodes on a computer.
• Connectivity: Wireless & Wired
• IPv6 ULA (Unique Local Address) registry - Contains all of the prefixes that were in the sixxs database.
• Timing web requests with cURL and Chrome (2018)
• CoreRAD - Extensible and observable IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Protocol router advertisement daemon. (Web)
• Intro to securing communication protocols with Noise (2021)
• GoBGP - BGP implementation in Go. (Web)
• DPDK - Set of libraries and drivers for fast packet processing.
• Open Wireless Link - Open Apple Wireless Direct Link (AWDL) implementation written in C. (Web)
• Change your MAC address with a shell script (HN)
• OpenStack Neutron - OpenStack project to provide "network connectivity as a service" between interface devices (e.g., vNICs).
• Thola - Tool for monitoring and provisioning network devices written in Go.
• Tips how to connect with people better
• Computer Networks: A Systems Approach (HN)
• localtunnel - Allows you to easily share a web service on your local development machine without messing with DNS and firewall settings. (Web)
• Merino - SOCKS5 Proxy server written in Rust.
• Pomerium - Identity-aware proxy that enables secure access to internal applications. (Code)
• Shadowsocks - Secure socks5 proxy. (Code) (GitHub) (Guide) (Web Code)
• Open, Programmable, and Virtualized 5G Networks
• The Programmable Data Plane Reading List
• Ridiculous Router Resets (2021)
• Curl Cookbook
• Splitting the ping (2021) (Lobsters) (Code)
• Arkime - Open source, large scale, full packet capturing, indexing, and database system. (Web)
• Implementer's Guide to SOCKS (2021)
• Open Wireless Link - Opening up Apple’s wireless ecosystem around the Apple Wireless Direct Link (AWDL) protocol.
• Audio over Bluetooth: most detailed information about profiles and codecs (2019) (HN)
• UERANSIM - Open source 5G UE and RAN (gNodeB) implementation.
• netbootd - Lightweight network boot/install server (DHCP, TFTP, HTTP).
• Ethernet and IP Networking 101 (Heavily Illustrated) (2021)
• The Actual OSI Model (2021) (HN)
• ZeroTier - Connect team members from anywhere in the world on any device.
• hostctl - Gives you more control over the use of your hosts file.
• Lobsters: What do you use for your home networking setup? (2021)
• ifconfig.co - What is my IP address?
• Network Calculus: A Comprehensive Guide (2016)
• Networking Books
• Full functional WiFi repeater (correctly: a WiFi NAT router)
• Docker Stack which Monitors your home network
• Why did the IETF specifically choose 192.168/16 to be a private IP address class? (Lobsters)
• Start building your own private network on Cloudflare today (2021)
• sx - Fast, modern, easy-to-use network scanner.
• Awesome Internet Scanning
• Termshark - Terminal UI for tshark, inspired by Wireshark.
• netdiag - IPv4 and IPv6 network diagnostics.
• Kentik - Cloud-based, real-time network visibility and analytics solution for network and security operators. (GitHub)
• NoRouter - (IP-over-Stdio) is the easiest multi-host & multi-cloud networking ever. (Code)
• Proving 50-Year-Old Sorting Networks Optimal: Part 1 (2021) (Lobsters)
• innisfree - Expose local services via public IPv4 addresses, safely.
• Transport vs Network (2021)
• Send My - Upload arbitrary data via Apple's Find My network. (Article) (HN)
• Wait for It - Wait until an address become available.
• Home network 10 Gbit/s upgrade (2021)
• Observing my cellphone switch towers (2021) (HN)
• Preparing your game for deterministic netcode (2021) (HN)
• BGP introduction, all you need to know to start (2021) (HN)
• FRRouting - Software that implements and manages various IPv4 and IPv6 routing protocols. (Web)
• The long wondrous life of a Tailscale packet (2021)
• Demo BPF applications - Scaffolding for BPF application development with libbpf and BPF CO-RE.
• BPF tips & tricks: the guide to bpf_trace_printk() and bpf_printk() (2021)
• Understanding btrfs internals (2020)
• multiaddr - Composable and future-proof network addresses. (Web)
• curl localhost as a local host (2021)
• OSI Reference Model - The ISO Model of Architecture for Open Systems Interconnection (1980)
• Easegress - All-rounder traffic orchestration system.
• Bluetooth Mesh Rust - Cross-platform, full Bluetooth Mesh stack implemented in Rust.
• netkat - Netcat version using raw sockets to avoid iptables and/or other OS filtering mechanisms.
• Enabling real-time collaboration with RSocket (2021)
• LDAP Guide Part 1: Foundations
• Ask HN: Best way to learn networking fundamentals quickly (2021)
• WTF is my IP? (Code)
• Intercepting Zoom's encrypted data with BPF (2020)
• Lucid: A Language for Control in the Data Plane (2021)
• LibreCellular - Aims to make it easier to create 4G cellular networks with open source software and low cost software-defined radio (SDR) hardware. (HN)
• What's your preferred tool for load testing? (2021)
• Ask HN: Good books/courses to learn networking essentials for web developers? (2021)
• Download speeds: What Do 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G mean? (2018) (HN)
• Tetrate - Application-aware networking for all Workloads, in all Environments. (GitHub)
• Hotwire - Allows you to study network traffic of a few popular protocols in a simple way.
• HomeNetworking Reddit
• i2pd - End-to-End encrypted and anonymous Internet. (Web)
• Cheat Sheet on Curl Latency Metrics: how to benchmark server latency with curl
• Channel polarization: A method for constructing capacity-achieving codes for symmetric binary-input memoryless channels (2008) - Paper that inspired 5G. (HN)
• What is Anycast? | How does Anycast work?
• Comcast - Simulating poor network connections so you can build better systems. (Reddit)
• Introduction to open source private LTE and 5G networks (2021) (HN)
• A Linux Kernel Implementation of the Homa Transport Protocol (2021) (Paper)
• Netcat - All you need to know (2021) (HN)
• Installing A Home Network (2021)
• IPv6 Watch (HN)
• sockperf - Network Benchmarking Utility.
• The 5-Hour CDN (2021) (HN)
• Rustcat - Netcat Alternative in Rust.
• Nautobot - Network Source of Truth & Network Automation Platform.
• How does FaceTime Work? (2021)
• phpIPAM - Open-source web IP address management application. (Code)
• What domain name to use for your home network (2021) (HN)
• IPv4 vs. IPv6 FAQ (HN) (Lobsters)
• Latency Sneaks Up on You (2021) (HN)
• Wi-Fi QR Code generator - Create a QR code with your Wi-Fi login details.
• NetworkX - Network Analysis in Python. (Web)
• Forward and reverse proxies explained (2021)
• How I re–over-engineered my home network for privacy and security (2021) (HN)
• Weird Proxies - Cheat sheet about behavior of various reverse proxies and related attacks.
• Bender - Build load testing applications for services using protocols like HTTP, Thrift, Protocol Buffers and many more.
• Fast IPv4 to Host Lookups (2020)
• Where are IPv3 and IPv5? (Lobsters)
• If fiber optics are 30% the speed of light, why is ping across countries so high? (2021)
• slirpnetstack - User-mode networking for unprivileged network namespaces.
• RTC (Real-Time Communication) at scale (2020)
• Submarine cable map rendered onto a globe (HN)
• gostatsd - Implementation of Etsy's statsd in Go with tags support.
• CloudFlair - Find origin servers of websites behind CloudFlare by using Internet-wide scan data from Censys. (Article)
• alphaicon - α-Indirect Control in Onion-like Networks.
• IPv6 Fundamentals: A Straightforward Approach to Understanding IPv6, 2nd Edition (HN)
• CIDR.xyz - Web-based CIDR / netmask / IP address visualizer. (Code)
• Steering oceans of content to the world (2017) (HN)
• WiFi Connect - Easy WiFi setup for Linux devices from your mobile phone or laptop.
• Hello IPv6: a minimal tutorial for IPv4 users (HN)
• Geneva - Automated censorship evasion for the client-side and server-side. (Web)
• socks - Fully featured SOCKS proxy client supporting SOCKSv4, SOCKSv4a, and SOCKSv5. Includes Bind and Associate functionality.
• go-netflow - Capture process in/out traffic, similar to c Nethogs.
• Preview Local Projects with Cloudflare Tunnel (2021) (Tweet)
• Tunnel: Cloudflare’s Newest Homeowner (2021) (Tweet)
• Characterizing CDNs’ latencies with passive measurement (2021)
• The Network Simulator - Free open source project aiming to build a discrete-event network simulator targeted for simulation research and education.
• Cuishark - Protocol analyzer like a wireshark on CUI.
• hostsfile - Go tool for working with /etc/hosts files.
• 127 - Tool for mapping hostnames to random loopback addresses.
• What's in a hostname? (2021)
• 32 Bit Real Estate (2021) (HN)
• Consul - Service Mesh for any runtime or cloud.
• Consul Replicate - Provides a convenient way to replicate values from one Consul data center to another using the consul-replicate daemon.
• multiping - Pings several hosts at once to test outside connectivity.
• Ethox - Standalone library for user-space networking and unikernel systems with a focus on speeed and stability.
• Netmiko - Multi-vendor library to simplify Paramiko SSH connections to network devices.
• Gomiko - Go implementation of Netmiko.
• hBPF - eBPF in Hardware. (HN)
• Comparing Open Source BGP Stacks (2021)
• Open IP over VHF/UHF 5 (2021) (HN)
• Linux, Netlink, and Go - Part 1: netlink (2017)
• ZMap - Fast single packet network scanner designed for Internet-wide network surveys. (Web)
• net2o - Reinventing the Internet. (Lobsters)
• Network intersubjectives (2021) (Tweet)
• Viska - SIP server/framework built in Rust.
• libSRTP - Implementation of the Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP), the Universal Security Transform (UST), and a supporting cryptographic kernel.
• Pathvector - Declarative edge routing platform that automates route optimization and control plane configuration with secure and repeatable routing policy. (Web)
• inlets-on-fly - Automates the task of creating an inlets-pro exit-server (tunnel server) on the fly.io platform.
• Ask HN: Connect to the Internet the old way during next Ethiopian lockdown? (2021)
• “Illegal” Moscow state university network built by students (2002-2013) (HN)
• dstp - Run common networking tests against your site.
• Test Certificates for localhost (2021)
• Webhook Relay - Relay and proxy all your webhooks to public and internal destinations.
• Fast checksum computation (2018)
• Rport - Manage remote systems with ease. (Web)
• The Challenge of Bluetooth Distance Estimation (2020)
• getssl - Obtain SSL certificates from the letsencrypt.org ACME server. Suitable for automating the process on remote servers.
• dhcparse - Zero-copy Rust DHCPv4 parser.
• XMPP, a comeback story (2021) (HN) (Lobsters)
• Network Protocol Breakdown: Ethernet and Go (2017)
• OpenThread - Open-source implementation of the Thread networking protocol. (Web)
• udplb - UDP packet forwarder using eBPF.
• Mongoose - Embedded Web Server / Embedded Networking Library. Implements event-driven non-blocking APIs for TCP, UDP, HTTP, WebSocket, MQTT. (Web)
• Everything you ever wanted to know about UDP sockets but were afraid to ask (2021)
• Apache Traffic Control - Build a large scale content delivery network using open source. (Code)
• The internet is held together with spit and baling wire (2021) (HN)
• How The Internet Travels Across Oceans (2021)
• sockdump - Dump unix domain socket traffic with bpf.
• How Does NTP (Network Time Protocol) Work? (2021) (HN)
• Routinator - RPKI Validator written in Rust.
• nats-spy - Terminal tool to help you to monitor NATS messages.
• BIRD Journey to Threads. Chapter 0: The Reason Why (2021)
• CoreBGP - Plugging in to BGP (2020)
• Some latency measurement pitfalls
• ip-location-db - ip to location database by ASN, GeoFeed, Whois, iptoasn.com, webnet77, db-ip lite, GeoLite2.
• Masscanned - Network responder. Its purpose is to provide generic answers to as many protocols as possible.
• How eBPF will solve Service Mesh (2021) (HN)
• Gatling - Load test tool. It officially supports HTTP, WebSocket, Server-Sent-Events and JMS. (Web)
• Violet - Lightweight STUN/TURN server.
• Ouroboros - Peer-to-peer packet network prototype.
• NetPlier - Tool for binary protocol reverse engineering. Takes network traces as input and infer the keywork by multiple sequence alignment and probabilistic inference.
• rsntp - High-performance NTP server written in Rust.
• Firewalla - Cybersecurity Firewall For Your Family and Business. (Code)
• Signal Calling Service - Forwards media from 1 group call device to N group call devices.
• ZGrab - Fast, modular application-layer network scanner designed for completing large Internet-wide surveys.
• Roll Your Own Network (Lobsters)
• What’s something all modern home networks should include, but most don’t? (2021)
• rabbit-digger - Rule based proxy written in Rust.
• FruityWiFi - Open source tool to audit wireless networks. (Code)
• UDPspeeder - Tunnel which Improves your Network Quality on a High-latency Lossy Link by using Forward Error Correction, possible for All Traffics(TCP/UDP/ICMP).
• ARouteServer - Tool to automatically build (and test) feature-rich configurations for BGP route servers.
• rathole - Secure, stable and high-performance reverse proxy for NAT traversal, written in Rust.
• eBPF Foundation
• BumbleBee - Helps to build, run and distribute eBPF programs using OCI images.
• Freebind - IPv4 and IPv6 address rate limiting evasion tool.
• ESP32 NAT Router - Simple NAT Router for the ESP32.
• VoLTE/VoWiFi research with $0 of equipment: set up a phone network over Wi-Fi calling (2022)
• Make the internet yours again with an instant mesh network (2022) (HN)
• jswhois - Tool to look up and print WHOIS results in JSON format.
• Internet protocols and tools related documentation (Code)
• Ghost in the ethernet optic (2022) (Lobsters)
• Set up a practically free CDN (HN)
• Reasons for servers to support IPv6 (2022) (HN) (Lobsters)
• Things we (finally) know about network queues (2017)
• Zero-copy network transmission with io_uring (2021) (HN)
• Selected Topics in Computer Networks @ Johns Hopkins University
• Advanced Computer Networks @ Johns Hopkins University
• How to stop running out of ephemeral ports and start to love long-lived connections (2022) (Lobsters) (HN)
• Why and how I got my own ASN (2022) (Lobsters) (HN)
• Implementation of CIDR routing table in Rust (2022)
• Hysteria - Feature-packed network utility optimized for networks of poor quality (e.g. satellite connections, congested public Wi-Fi, connecting from China to servers abroad).
• ntopng - Web-based Traffic and Security Network Traffic Monitoring.
• Best practices for segmentation of the corporate network of any company
• Exposing a web service with Cloudflare Tunnel (2022) (HN)
• Zuul - Gateway service that provides dynamic routing, monitoring, resiliency, security, and more.
• Wifi Network Testing - Scan your wifi network and obtain troubleshooting details, with extreme granularity.
• What does it mean to listen on a port? (2022) (HN) (Reddit)
• The Harmful Consequences of the Robustness Principle (2021) (Lobsters)
• Networking for System Administrators Book by Michael Lucas
• Basic Network Troubleshooting (2022) (HN)
• Foundations of Python Network Programming (2014) (Code)
• What are your favorite small internet protocols? (2022)
• tubular - BSD socket API on steroids. (Lobsters)
• NetBox - Infrastructure resource modeling for network automation.
• Rosen - Modular proxy tunnel that encapsulates traffic within a cover protocol to circumvent censorship.
• Going IPv6 only (2022) (Lobsters) (HN)
• Pipy - Tiny, high performance, highly stable, programmable proxy.
• HTB - DevOops
• The internet was designed with a narrow waist (2022) (HN)
• Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (2021)
• glider - Forward proxy with multiple protocols support, and also a dns/dhcp server with ipset management features(like dnsmasq).
• Landiscover - Command-line tool that allows to discover devices and services available in the local network.
• Nimble - Open source, rapidly deployable, wireless mesh network.
• Packet Sender - Network utility for sending / receiving TCP, UDP, SSL, HTTP. (Web)
• Scapy - Powerful Python-based interactive packet manipulation program and library.
• Better visibility into packet-dropping decisions (2022)
• ngrep - GNU grep applied to the network layer.
• Jalapeno - Cloud-native infrastructure platform to enable development of network services.
• OpenConfig - Collaborative effort by network operators to develop programmatic interfaces and tools for managing networks in a dynamic, vendor-neutral way. (Web)
• Cloudflare Clientless Web Isolation (2022)
• Ask HN: Is Public WiFi Dangerous? (2022)
• sniffer - Modern alternative network traffic sniffer.
• Netproc - Tool to monitor network traffic based on processes.
• A Primer on Proxies (2022) (HN)
• Nice computer networking courses (2022)
• Hyperspace - Open-Source 3D Location-Based Wireless Mesh Network. (HN)
• Smap - Replica of Nmap which uses shodan.io's free API for port scanning.
• How to properly interpret a traceroute or mtr (2022)
• Arpchat - Text your friends on the same network using just ARP. (HN) (HN)
• network-opt - Library for topological network optimization.
• netsim-tools - Network simulation tools.
• Easy to Use Cloudflare Tunnels (2022) (HN) (Reddit)
• Wait4X - Allows you to wait for a port or a service to enter the requested state.
• 5G Skeptic (2022) (HN)
• Computer Networks From Scratch (HN)
• Always Online: STUN servers - List of publicly available STUN servers, refreshed every hour.
• Optimizing Magic Firewall’s IP lists (2022)
• You “Own” 16 Milion+ IPv4 Addresses! (2022)
• Cloudflare RPKI Validator Tools and Libraries
• Hexagon - Terminal based Homelab dashboard so you can monitor all the apps you run locally and remember them.
• traceroute-caller - Sidecar service which runs traceroute after a connection closes.
• Scout - URL fuzzer and spider for discovering undisclosed VHOSTS, files and directories on a web server.
• PacketStreamer - High-performance remote packet capture and collection tool.
• How to make “localhost” slightly less local (2022) (HN)
• How 90's dial-up Internet worked, and let's make our own ISP. (2022)
• Aeron - Efficient reliable UDP unicast, UDP multicast, and IPC message transport.
• firewalld - Firewall daemon with D-Bus interface.
• IPIP.NET - IP Database based on real time BGP/ASN data analytics.
• Bore - Simple CLI tool for making tunnels to localhost. (HN)
• Beyond POSIX - Adventures in Alternative Networking APIs (2022)
• 5G, Wi-Fi, mmWave and wireline in a single gateway SoC
• liwasc - High-performance network and port scanner. It can quickly give you a overview of the nodes in your network, the services that run on them and manage their power status. (Code)
• Z-Wave Node - Z-Wave driver written entirely in JavaScript/TypeScript.
• Eero Pro 6E and Eero 6 Review: Fast and Easy (2022) (HN)
• 1,000,000 Concurrent Connections (2022) (Lobsters)
• Benchmark for implementation of servers that support 1m connections
• Useful Wireless Links
• nmapAutomator - Automate the process of enumeration & recon that is run every time, and instead focus our attention on real pentesting.
• Occamy - Modern remote desktop proxy written in Go.
• My upgrade to 25 Gbit/s Fiber To The Home (2022) (Lobsters) (HN)
• Defined Networking - Extend network access with on-demand, encrypted tunnels between any hosts on any network. (Twitter)
• gVisor-tap-vsock - New network stack based on gVisor.
• Shuttle - Web proxy in Go with amazing features.
• I won free load testing (2022) (HN)
• Creating and deploying a tiny proxy server on Vercel in 10 minutes (2022)
• GOSNIFF - Textual User-Interface Network Sniffer.
• Scapy: low level packet hacking toolkit for Python (2022) (HN)
• tinysnitch - Interactive firewall for inbound and outbound connections.
• Linux Networking Scripts/Commands (2022)
• The Two Generals Problem (2022) (HN)
• LibreSSL - Fork of OpenSSL developed by the OpenBSD project.
• Magic NAT: everywhere, unbounded, and lower cost (2022)
• Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) - Application-level network protocol designed for multiplexing and packetizing multimedia transport streams.
• 25 Gbit/s HTTP and HTTPS download speeds (2022) (Lobsters)
• Meter - Internet & WiFi for businesses. (Building internet infrastructure into a utility) (Twitter)
• NetblockTool - Find netblocks owned by a company.
• Using WebTransport (2020) - API offering low-latency, bidirectional, client-server messaging. (HN)
• vnStat - Network traffic monitor for Linux and BSD.
• SpoofDPI - Simple and fast anti-censorship tool written in Go.
• Building a Budget Homelab NAS Server (2022) (HN)
• Teleforking a process onto a different computer (2020) (HN) (Code) (HN)
• Awesome Low Latency
• ranpha - Generate QR code of your Wi-Fi network.
• WiFi Exploitation Framework
• Terabit Ethernet - Wikipedia
• Retina - Network analysis framework that supports 100+ Gbps traffic analysis on a single server with no specialized hardware.
• Spring '83 - Speculative new protocol.
• TraceVis - Traceroute with any packet. Visualize the routes. Discover Middleboxes and Firewalls.
• Skupper - Enables cloud communication by enabling you to create a Virtual Application Network.
• Best Router/Access Point Option if money not part of equation for larger home? (2022)
• Getting Started with NATS (2022)
• Ask HN: How would you bootstrap a telco? (re: Rogers outage) (2022)
• Best router for a new apartment with minimal smart tech? (2022)
• Running an Open Source Home Area Network
• Seenvoy - Visualize the configs of the Envoy.
• Throttle - Throttle your network connection.
• SQUID - Squid Web Proxy Cache.
• My 4G setup for working remotely from anywhere (2022) (Lobsters)
• When It Does Not Listen for Thee, Ask for Whom the Server Listens (Understanding Listening Addresses) (Lobsters)
• ICMP, Ping, and Traceroute - What I Wish I Was Taught (2020)
• Egress Eddie - Simple tool designed to do one thing: filter outbound traffic by hostname on Linux.
• Recommended settings for Wi-Fi routers and access points (HN)
• Ookla Internet benchmark results around the World
• Trippy - Network diagnostic tool.
• From Oscilloscope to Wireshark - A UDP Story (2022)
• Computer Networking : Principles,Protocols and Practice (Twitter)
• How to send raw network packets in Python with tun/tap (2022)
• cidr - CLI to perform various actions on CIDR ranges.
• Sniffnet - Packet sniffer completely written in Rust. Multithreaded, cross-platform, reliable. (Web)
• Pingora, the proxy that connects Cloudflare to the Internet (2022) (HN)
• Mercure - Open, easy, fast, reliable and battery-efficient solution for real-time communications. (Web)
• WHOIS: Fragile, unparseable, obsolete... and universally relied upon (2022) (HN)
• Notes from Tail Latency Aware Caching Paper by RobinHood (2022)
• Ziti - Programmable network overlay and edge components for zero-trust networking. (HN)
• Measure latency - Ultra-light-weight tool to quickly test your ping. (Code) (HN)
• Snabb - Simple and fast packet networking toolkit.
• Netmap - Framework for very fast packet I/O from userspace.
• rconn - Multiplatform program for creating reverse connections. It lets you consume services that are behind NAT and/or firewall without adding firewall rules or port-forwarding. (Reddit)
• mule - Fast proxy: eBPF data plane, Go control plane.
• Leveraging strategic connection migration-powered traffic splitting for privacy (2022)
• GoFlow2 - NetFlow/IPFIX/sFlow collector in Go. Gathers network information (IP, interfaces, routers) from different flow protocols, serializes it in a common format.
• SONiC - Open source network operating system based on Linux that runs on switches from multiple vendors and ASICs. (Web Code)
• A Cheap 2.5GbE PoE Unmanaged Switch (2022) (HN)
• Country IP Blocks - CIDR country-level IP data, straight from the Regional Internet Registries, updated hourly.
• WiGLE: Wireless Network Mapping (HN)
• How to hide your IP address (2022)
• CloudFront vs. Cloudflare, and how to reduce response times for both by ~35%+ (2022) (HN)
• Wiring my home with fiber (2022) (HN)
• hyperglass - Network looking glass that tries to make the internet better. (Code)
• Blip - Tool for seeing your internet latency. (HN)
• IP2Location Node.js Module - Knowing where your visitors from.
• Submarine Cable Map
• Ask HN: How many of you prefer to use Ethernet? (2022)
• Apex - Provide connectivity between nodes deployed across heterogeneous environments.
• Higress - Next-generation Cloud Native Gateway.
• Sabakan - Versatile network boot server designed for large on-premise data centers.
• A Day in the Life of an IPv6 Packet on illumos (2022)
• F-Stack - User space network development kit with high performance based on DPDK, FreeBSD TCP/IP stack and coroutine API. (Web)
• The Effectiveness of Checksums for Embedded Control Networks (2009)
• mighty-snitch - Noticing and preventing network requests should be easy.
• mapCIDR - Small utility program to perform multiple operations for a given subnet/CIDR ranges.
• SocketHub - Multi-protocol gateway for the Web using ActivityStream messages.
• Exploiting Protocols for Fun (2022)
• User-space network protocol stack written in Rust
• MPIS - Multiprotocol IP Switching.
• A Theory of Composing Protocols (2022)
• Cloudflare servers don't own IPs anymore so how do they connect to the internet? (2022) (HN) (Tweet)
• NFStream - Flexible Network Data Analysis Framework.
• Dora - DHCP server written in Rust using tokio. (HN)
• Tell HN: IPv6-only still pretty much unusable (2022)
• Pulling MikroTik into the Limelight Demystifying and Jailbreaking RouterS (2022) (HN)
• KasmVNC - Remote web-based access to a Desktop or application.
• Everything I know about networking (2022)
• IPv6 Internet is broken (HN)
• Getting started with nmap (2022) (HN)
• Comprehensive MPI Tutorial Resource (Code)
• How Many Computers Are In Your Computer?
• NATS By Example - Collection of reference examples using NATS.
• Writing a Mini-CDN to Learn Nginx/Prometheus/Grafana/Lua
• Certificate Ripper - CLI tool to extract server certificates.
• WhyTheFuckIsMyNetworkSoSlow - Network performance analysis tool, making it easy to quickly examine a network and see what is wrong, and to evaluate longer term trends.
• Self-hosted home network monitoring with ntopng, a Fritz Box and an home server (2022)
• MT-bulk - Automate sending mass commands to Mikrotik devices using SSH, SSL API and by REST API gateway.
• proxy-scraper-checker - HTTP, SOCKS4, SOCKS5 proxies scraper and checker.
• Netiquette - Lightweight open-source network monitor designed exclusively for macOS.
• Ask HN: Is it just me or is 5G strictly worse than LTE? (2023)
• Ask HN: What's with the DIY state of the art long-range Wi-Fi? (2023)
• 3proxy - Tiny free proxy server.
• MicroSocks - Portable SOCKS5 server with very moderate resource usage.
• Zrok - Open-source peer to peer. (Web) (HN)
• My network home setup V4 (2023) (HN)
• Networking tutorial - YouTube
• Protohackers - Challenges you to create servers for network protocols. (Code)
• MITM Proxy - MITM Proxy Written in Rust. Ultimate Toolkit for HTTP/1, HTTP/2, and WebSockets with SSL/TLS Capabilities.
• RFC 1925: The Twelve Networking Truths (1996)
• "BGP at home": getting a DIA circuit installed at home (2023) (HN)
• dhcpm - CLI tool for constructing & sending DHCP messages.
• The Internet explained from first principles
• Connecting a 1980s Pinball Machine to the Internet (2023) (HN)
• Mathematical Foundations of Computer Networking (2012) (HN)
• Oxide and Friends – Rack-scale Networking (2023) (HN)
• Daze - Help you pass through the firewalls, in other words, proxy.
• Network Programming and Automation Essentials (2023) (Code)
• An Introduction to Computer Networks
• Shmipc-spec - High-performance IPC solution that is suitable for production environments based on shared memory IPC.
• Shmipc - High performance inter-process communication Go library developed by ByteDance.
• Extracting the Essential Simplicity of the Internet (2023)
• Holo - Suite of routing protocols designed to support high-scale and automation-driven networks.
• Burrow - Tool for burrowing through firewalls.
• freno - Cooperative, highly available throttler service.
• Cloudflare Speedtest - JavaScript module to measure the quality of a client’s Internet connection.
• TURN-RS - Pure rust-implemented turn server.
• fingerprintx - Standalone utility for service discovery on open ports.
• How we built Network Analytics v2 (2023)
• locdev - Handy CLI tool that simplifies the process of adding, removing, and listing entries in the hosts file.
• netscan - Cross-platform network scan library. Written in Rust.
• Testing the Packet Protocol :: Bare Metal Programming (2023)
• Somo - Prettier alternative to netstat or ss for socket monitoring.
• Three-way handshake bypassing Little Snitch (2023)
• WuKongIM - High-performance universal communication service.
• An America-less Internet (2023)
• What Kind of Asynchronous is Right For You? (2023)
• Theseus DHT Protocol
• Blendr - Terminal UI app for browsing BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) devices.
• Streaming - Vercel AI SDK
• Binding On Port 0 (2015)
• The day my ping took countermeasures (2023) (Lobsters)
• Localias - Custom local domain aliases for local dev servers.
• Fork Routing Protocol
• IPv6 Is A Disaster (but we can fix it) (2023)
• Simple networking (2020)
• Building a Transport Protocol on ARP (2022)
• 25 Gbit/s at home, part 1 (2023) (HN)